Standard Deviation Calculator - σ & Variance Std Dev Calculator

Enter a list of numbers to instantly calculate standard deviation, variance, mean, and more.

Enter Data Set

Your Results

Population Std Dev (σ) 4.8990
Formula σ = √(Σ(xi − x̄)² / N)
Population Std Dev (σ) 4.8990
Sample Std Dev (s) 5.2372
Population Variance (σ²) 24.0000
Sample Variance (s²) 27.4286
Mean (x̄) 18
Sum 144
Count (N) 8
Min 10
Max 23
Range 13

Sorted Data (Ascending)

10, 12, 16, 16, 21, 23, 23, 23

Standard Deviation Calculator - Guide

What is Standard Deviation?

Standard deviation is a measure of how spread out numbers are from the mean (average). A low standard deviation means the data points are close to the mean, while a high standard deviation indicates the data is spread over a wide range of values.

Formulas

1. Population Standard Deviation (σ)

σ = √[ Σ(xi − μ)² / N ]

Used when data represents the entire population.

2. Sample Standard Deviation (s)

s = √[ Σ(xi − x̄)² / (N − 1) ]

Used when data is a sample from a larger population (Bessel's correction).

3. Variance

Variance = (Standard Deviation)²

Examples

  • Data: 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 9 → Mean = 5, Population σ = 2, Sample s ≈ 2.14
  • Data: 10, 10, 10 → σ = 0 (no spread)
  • Data: 1, 100 → σ = 49.5 (large spread)

When to Use Each

  • Population σ: When your data includes every member of the group (e.g., all students in a class).
  • Sample s: When your data is a subset of a larger group (e.g., survey respondents).
  • Variance: Useful in probability theory and statistical inference; units are squared.

How This Calculator Works

  1. Enter data: Type or paste your numbers separated by commas or spaces.
  2. Instant results: Population and sample standard deviation, variance, mean, sum, count, min, max, and range update in real time.
  3. Sorted view: See your data sorted in ascending order below the results.

Find a Calculator

Browse All Calculators →