Probability Calculator - Event Probability Probability Calc

Enter probabilities for events A and B to calculate complement, union, intersection, and conditional probability.

Event Probabilities

Leave blank to assume independent events: P(A) × P(B)

Your Results

P(A ∪ B) — Either A or B 0.72
Formula P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B) = 0.6 + 0.3 − 0.18 = 0.72
P(A) 0.6
P(B) 0.3
P(A') — Complement of A 0.4
P(B') — Complement of B 0.7
P(A ∩ B) — Both A and B 0.18
P(A ∪ B) — Either A or B 0.72
P(A | B) — A given B 0.6
P(B | A) — B given A 0.3
P(A' ∩ B') — Neither A nor B 0.28
Independent? Yes
Mutually Exclusive? No

Probability Calculator - Guide

What is Probability?

Probability is a numerical measure of the likelihood that an event will occur. It ranges from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain). For example, a fair coin has P(heads) = 0.5.

Key Formulas

1. Complement

P(A') = 1 − P(A)

2. Union (Addition Rule)

P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B)

3. Intersection

Independent: P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B)

General: P(A ∩ B) = P(A|B) × P(B)

4. Conditional Probability

P(A | B) = P(A ∩ B) ÷ P(B)

5. Bayes' Theorem

P(A | B) = [P(B | A) × P(A)] ÷ P(B)

Independent vs Mutually Exclusive

  • Independent: One event does not affect the other. P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B).
  • Mutually Exclusive: Both events cannot happen at the same time. P(A ∩ B) = 0.

Examples

  • Coin flip: P(heads) = 0.5, P(tails) = 0.5, P(heads ∪ tails) = 1.
  • Dice: P(rolling 6) = 1/6 ≈ 0.1667. P(rolling even) = 3/6 = 0.5.
  • Cards: P(ace) = 4/52 ≈ 0.0769. P(heart) = 13/52 = 0.25.

How This Calculator Works

  1. Enter P(A) and P(B): Probabilities from 0 to 1.
  2. Optional P(A ∩ B): If left blank, events are assumed independent.
  3. Get results: Complement, union, intersection, conditional probability, and event relationship checks.

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